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    7/23/2008

    中国历史上都有哪些北伐,为什么北伐通常失败?zz

    北伐实在太多太多了
    只要一个朝代四分五裂,就会发生北伐
    三国时期的诸葛亮北伐,九伐中原比较著名
    到了两晋南北朝时期,那才叫北伐的黄金时期啊....
    当时北方都被胡人占领,南方的汉人发动过N次北伐.比较著名的有祖狄,刘浴的北伐,不过都以失败告终.最后结束南北割据的也是北方的胡人势力
    到了五代十国期间,北伐就更多了.比较著名的有周世宗北伐,当时周朝军队打哪哪投降,只差一点就能收复燕云十六州,可惜世宗却病死在征途
    到了宋朝,太祖皇帝平了南方,太宗皇帝发动了北伐.刚开始一度胜利,但是打到战争后期,宋朝却连连大败,还损失了一些名将,比如杨业.此后宋朝一直议和.去清理西边的西夏
    到了南宋,宗泽发动过北伐,但是当时的朝廷太昏庸,太软弱无能,宗泽的北伐依然是失败,他眼见北伐无望,对着大军三呼过河.便死与军中
    南宋最著名的北伐应该是岳飞的北伐,岳飞的事迹太多,也就不多说.此后南宋一直在防御.都没有主动出击.苟延残喘了100多年,终被蒙古灭亡
    元朝末年的北伐无疑是最成功的,刘福通等的红巾军虽然失败了,但是南方的红巾军势力却非常强大.到了后期主要集中在朱元璋和张世诚,陈友凉三方势力.可以说朱元璋的北伐是最成功的.是中国无数北伐中唯一完全成功过的.这里也能看出朱元璋用人和用兵的厉害之处
    明朝的北伐就不多了,到了清朝倒有一个非常著名的北伐
    太平天国的北伐,洪秀全整一流氓,进了南京之后,整个内部都开始腐败.这也是北伐失利的原因之一.
    民国期间北伐那就太多太多了.
    其实看到这么多北伐,我们很容易得出一个结论,就是每场战争都是北强南弱.这本来就不公平
    再者,北方一直是军事,政治的中心.人才辈出.物资丰富.而南方多为蛮荒之地.民穷粮少.根本就拼不过北方
    元末的北伐胜利,宋朝300多年建设南方功劳不小啊

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